Consonants
Double consonants
Doubled letters make one sound, not two: “hill”, “buzz”, “off” and “miss”. The double usually marks the vowel before it as short, which makes it a spelling signal rather than a pronunciation one.
The floss rule covers most early cases: in a one-syllable word with a short vowel, f, l, s and sometimes z are doubled at the end.
Patterns and example words
Every word below is from the word list Cody generates from, not a hand-picked sample. The count is how many words in that list carry the pattern.
bb
499 wordsclubbed clubbing webbed webbing grabbed grabbing babble bobble bubble cobble rubbing bubbles cabbage dribble dribbled dribbler dribblers dribbles gobble gobbled gobbler gobblers gobbles hobby
cc
916 wordsaccount accounted accounting accounts accord accorded according accords accept accepted accepting accepts occur occurred occurring occurs success successes access accessed accessing successful accident accidents
dd
598 wordsadd added adding adds kidded kidding address addressed addresses addressing bedded bedding addition additions redder reddest middle middling suddenly ridden additional hidden wedded wedding
ff
283 wordsoff offer staff staffed staffing staffs stuff stuffed stuffing stuffs suffer differ puff whiff cliff cliffs giraffes puffed puffing sniff sniffed sniffing stiff
gg
641 wordsbigger biggest suggest suggested suggesting suggests dogged dogging legged legging leggings struggle struggled struggles struggling bagged bagging suggestion suggestions egg egged eggs logged logging
ll
810 wordswill willed willing all well wells tell telling tells call called calling calls still small smaller smallest levelled fall fallen falling falls fell full
mm
1,010 wordsprogramme programmed programming communities community common summer summers comment commented commenting comments immediately communication communications recommend recommended recommending recommends committee committees commercial commercials commit
nn
1,944 wordscannot wanna manned manning beginning beginnings running planned planning winning winnings announce announced announces announcing connection connections dinner dinners annual annuals funnier funniest funny
pp
1,228 wordshappen happened happening happenings happens support supported supporting supports stopped stopping topped topping toppings appear appeared appearing appears shopped shopping stepped stepping approach approached
ss
443 wordsless class classed classes across pass passed passes passing focussed miss missed misses missing press pressed presses pressing access accessed accessing loss losses dress
tt
2,992 wordsgetting gotten written little littler littlest putting letting setting settings matter mattered matters sitting letter lettering letters cutting cuttings benefitted benefitting attention attentions attack
zz
21 wordsbuzz fizz fuzz jazz buzzing
fszl
1,581 wordswill willed willing all well wells tell telling tells call called calling calls still off small smaller smallest offer less levelled fall fallen falling
Curricula that teach this
Cody generates material against the scope and sequence you already teach. This skill appears in Custom Pattern Selection, Reading Simplified: 1st Grade Pathway, Reading Simplified: 2nd Grade & Up Pathway, Reading Simplified: Kindergarten Pathway, Slant System, UFLI Inspired.
Make a decodable story for this skill
Cody generates stories, word lists and worksheets constrained to the patterns a student has already been taught, so practice on double consonants does not smuggle in something they have not met yet.