Consonants

Silent letters

Knee, write, gnat, lamb and half all carry a letter that is written and not said. Most are fossils of older English where the letter was pronounced, which is why they cluster in particular pairs rather than appearing at random.

Teach by pair, not by letter. Silent k appears before n, silent w before r, silent b after m. A reader who knows the pair can decode a new word; a reader who has memorised a word list cannot.

Patterns and example words

Every word below is from the word list Cody generates from, not a hand-picked sample. The count is how many words in that list carry the pattern.

kn

194 words

knew know knowing known knows knowledge knock knocked

wr

121 words

write writes writing writings written wrote wrong wronged

gn

150 words

design designed designing designs sign signed signing signs

mb

146 words

climb climbed climbing climbs bomb comb crumb lamb

silent l

171 words

would could should half halved halves halving folk

silent t

238 words

often listen listened listening listens castle castles listener

silent w

95 words

who whom whose whole wholes answer answered answering

silent u

311 words

build building buildings builds built though bought although

mn

17 words

column columns autumn solemn

Curricula that teach this

Cody generates material against the scope and sequence you already teach. This skill appears in Cody Curriculum, Custom Pattern Selection, UFLI Inspired.

Make a decodable story for this skill

Cody generates stories, word lists and worksheets constrained to the patterns a student has already been taught, so practice on silent letters does not smuggle in something they have not met yet.